京都大學醫學院手術心得分享 - 京都
By Agatha
at 2016-09-12T19:26
at 2016-09-12T19:26
Table of Contents
在下在日本當醫師,分享幾則跟本文有關的資訊。
日本的醫院平均來說大都300床上下,所以日本的急診是一個醫療區內的數間醫院,分別
輪流各科的值班業務。
譬如今天A醫院急診是外科,B醫院是內科,C醫院是小兒科。
明天可能是C醫院急診是外科,A醫院是內科,B醫院是小兒科。
(日本雖然有急診專科醫師,但是由各科輪流cover的情形還是很常見)
因此日本人通常不會直接自行衝進急診掛號,因為該醫院今天不見得有可以看這個疾病的
醫生。
通常會先打電話給醫院詢問某個問題有沒有醫師可以看,護理師會把病人的情況跟醫師
說明,醫師同意後病人才會來醫院掛號 。若醫生不同意,那護理師會在電話中建議可以
看這個問題的醫院。當然,直接打電話給119詢問也是個選擇。
(另外,若今晚很不幸有很挫的病人,或是病人太多忙不過來,即使有某科的醫師,醫師
也有可能會拒絕病人的。)
再來,日本醫院的急診本身也有分級。有些醫院雖然有開急診,但無法看重症的病人。
因此若國人在海外真的有需要緊急就醫的情況,最好方法是請旅館代為聯繫。
此外,日本除了極少數的情況,病人是不需要家屬24小時陪伴。所有的照護工作均由醫院
的護理師和看護人員負責(包括行動不方便老年人的三餐餵食,換尿布,洗澡等等)。
敝院只有兒童(小朋友不行沒有媽媽)和數小時內即將臨終的病人,才會請家屬陪同
(為了能看病人最後一面)。
至於英文呢,日本醫師會講英文的非常少,發音漂亮的更是稀有。日本人的英文基本上
都是用片假名在發音。譬如像是Diclofenac、會念成吉苦囉飛拿苦(日本人除了R以外,
D的音也發不出來)。 日本醫師的英文大都只能讀和寫。 台灣醫師從教科書,醫院寫病例
到醫學術語都是用英文,但是在日本則全都是用日文。
日本醫師培育的過程中幾乎完全不需要英文。他們有他們自己日文的教科書,日本自己的
guideline,要查論文也有自己的日文論文。除非要走學術路線寫英文論文才會用到
English。我甚至遇過大學醫院裡的年輕醫師看不懂jaundice這個醫學術語。不過由於日本
的醫學術語幾乎跟台灣的講法一模一樣, 痰就是痰, 咳嗽就是咳嗽, 頭痛就是頭痛, 胃潰
瘍就是胃潰瘍, 點滴就是點滴。即使不一樣, 國人大概也猜得出來意思, 譬如打針叫做
注射, 肚子痛叫做腹痛。所以與其用英語, 建議國人還是用筆談更能溝通。
接著,日本的醫療以先進國家來說,其實算便宜。原po是因為沒有日本的健保才會覺得貴
。若有健保自付額才3成(也就是約25萬日圓,約7萬5台幣)。另外日本的老年人健保自付
額最高可減至只有1成。再來,日本未滿15~18歲的兒童/青少年(依鄉市公所規定而不同
),醫療費用是完全免費的。此外,日本的單人房差價真的像原po說的那麼便宜。像是新加
坡或是美國醫院那種超級昂貴的單人房,在日本是非常非常罕見的。
最後的Take home message,在台灣大家已經習慣沒有門診的時間,身體不舒服直接衝急診
。但來到日本時,記得請旅館打電話聯繫才會知道哪間醫院有辦法解決自己的病痛喔!
另外, 日本醫師的英語多半不好, 但是日文的醫學術語和中文幾乎一樣, 與其用英文解釋
自己的不舒服,不如用筆談更能跟醫師溝通喔!
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