受傷後的治療與復健 - 健行
By Mia
at 2008-11-10T23:37
at 2008-11-10T23:37
Table of Contents
原文恕刪 ~
你上次肌肉拉傷是拉傷大腿前、後側或者小腿肌肉肌腱嗎?
如果是而還沒完全好,該側膝蓋的力學結構會不穩定,
這時再去從事下肢跑跳爬山等運動,
容易造成肌肉拉傷加劇或膝蓋疼痛等後遺症。
復健一方面可以促進組織修復,一方面改善肌肉骨骼系統的力學結構,
但,所有的復健都須要耐心和時間,特別牽涉到組織修復,
例如肌肉肌腱拉傷或韌帶扭傷。
消炎藥可以在急性期減少發炎腫脹(以促進血液循環)及疼痛,
肌肉鬆弛劑可緩解受傷的肌肉痙攣帶來的疼痛和血管壓迫。
這些並不是沒幫助,除了止痛外,目的還是在協助組織修復以及早恢復功能。
回到你爬山下坡後的膝蓋痛,
這時的膝蓋痛有幾個可能:1.臏骨股骨疼痛症候群 2.韌帶扭傷 3.肌肉肌腱拉傷
臏骨股骨疼痛症候群是最常見的類型,原因是臏骨後方和股骨下端接觸的關節面
過度受力壓迫。
幾個因素包括:過度跑步/跳躍/上下坡、大腿肌力不足、膝蓋力學結構不理想
(X型腿、扁平足、膝後肌肉太緊…),是造成這症候群的主因。
你的膝蓋在靜止彎曲的時候狀態會痛,那多半就是這症候群了,還能慢跑所以軟
骨損耗其實還好,給你幾個建議:
1.暫時不要做過度彎曲膝蓋的運動,膝蓋彎曲角度40度以下最不傷膝蓋,所以
先不要大步跑/爬山/跳躍。游泳、慢慢跑、騎自行車(坐墊到踏板高度要對)
是不錯的運動。貼紮或護膝可以在運動時使用。
2.加強股四頭肌肌力,伸展大小腿後側的肌肉。這方面網路上資料很多,
可以參考 http://hospital.kingnet.com.tw/essay/essay.html?pid=6551
3.如果疼痛的情況沒有隨時間改善甚至加劇,就必須到骨科或復健科檢查有沒
有膝蓋結構或扁平足的問題。
什麼時候可以再爬山呢?其實沒有一定的答案,長距離下樓梯或慢跑不會再膝蓋
痛是個粗淺的標準,一開始先找平緩沒有大落差、沒困難地形的路線,距離不宜
太長,登山杖和護膝要用。爬山時忌諱跳躍、下坡不要衝快(除非身手矯捷平衡
感協調力都很強),這些原則常爬山的山友應該都會知道。
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